描述
變頻器負(fù)載率β與效率η的關(guān)系曲線見(jiàn)圖1。由圖1可見(jiàn):當(dāng)β=50%時(shí),η=94%;當(dāng)β=100%時(shí),η=96%。雖然β增一倍,η變化僅2%,但對(duì)中大功率(幾百千瓦至幾千千瓦)電動(dòng)機(jī)而言亦是可觀的。系統(tǒng)效率等于變頻器效率與電動(dòng)機(jī)效率的乘積。從效率角度出發(fā),在選用變頻器功率時(shí),要注意以下幾點(diǎn)。
(1)變頻器功率與電動(dòng)機(jī)功率相當(dāng)時(shí)為最合適,以利于變頻器在高效率狀態(tài)下運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。
(2)在變頻器的功率分級(jí)與電動(dòng)機(jī)功率分級(jí)不相同時(shí),則變頻器的功率要盡可能接近電動(dòng)機(jī)
的功率,并且應(yīng)略大于電動(dòng)機(jī)的功率。
(3)當(dāng)電動(dòng)機(jī)屬頻繁啟動(dòng)、制動(dòng)工作或處于重載啟動(dòng)且較頻繁時(shí),可選取大一級(jí)的變頻器,以利于變頻器長(zhǎng)期、安全地運(yùn)行。
(4)經(jīng)測(cè)試,電動(dòng)機(jī)實(shí)際功率確實(shí)有富余,可以考慮選用功率小于電動(dòng)機(jī)功率的變頻器,但要注意瞬時(shí)峰值電流是否會(huì)造成過(guò)電流保護(hù)動(dòng)作。
(5)當(dāng)變頻器與電動(dòng)機(jī)功率不相同時(shí),則必須相應(yīng)調(diào)整節(jié)能程序的設(shè)置,以利于達(dá)到較高的節(jié)能效果。
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